Friction is a very common phenomenon. Friction is used in many places in our lives. For example, bicycle brakes are completed by friction, and car brakes are also completed by friction. The braking principle of bicycles and cars is the same ?
First of all, we need to understand what friction is. When two objects in contact with each other, when they move relative to each other or have a tendency to move relative to each other, a force that hinders the relative movement or the tendency of relative movement will be generated on the contact surface. It is called frictional force. The friction force is divided into static friction force and sliding friction force. The friction force is divided into two types to facilitate the calculation of force.
The braking of the bicycle is realized by applying friction to the wheel by the rubber fixed on the frame. The braking principle of the bicycle is that during the rotation of the wheel, the translational speed is proportional to the rotational angular velocity, and the wheel is subjected to the rubber friction during the braking process. When the translational speed is greater than the rotational angular speed, the contact point will tend to slide, causing backward friction and reducing the translational speed. With the existence of the bicycle braking system, we can freely adjust the speed of the bicycle. speed.
The deceleration of a bicycle is accomplished by the frictional force acting on the wheels by the ground, so how does a car brake? The braking system of a car is complex because the car brakes need to be stopped in a short time or the speed is reduced for ease of control. The braking process of the car is as follows: the driver steps on the brake pedal, the main hydraulic cylinder installed under the hood and directly connected to the brake pedal converts the driver's foot force into hydraulic pressure, and the main hydraulic cylinder is connected to the wheel through the brake pipeline. The whole system is filled with brake fluid, and the hydraulic cylinder pushes the brake shoe to contact the brake drum or wheel axle, which will generate friction to slow down the vehicle. Automobile friction brakes can be divided into drum brakes and disc brakes. If you are interested, you can learn more about them.
According to the analysis of the braking principles of bicycles and cars, we can know that the braking principles of bicycles and cars are actually the same, and both are realized by the frictional force acting on the wheels by the ground, but the speed and weight of bicycles and cars are different. , so the structure of the braking system will also be different. Although bicycles and cars have braking systems, you should not drive too fast, otherwise there may be a "brake failure" effect during emergency braking, which is prone to danger.
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